§30102. Definitions
(a)
(1) "covered rental vehicle" means a motor vehicle that-
(A) has a gross vehicle weight rating of 10,000 pounds or less;
(B) is rented without a driver for an initial term of less than 4 months; and
(C) is part of a motor vehicle fleet of 35 or more motor vehicles that are used for rental purposes by a rental company.
(2) "dealer" means a person selling and distributing new motor vehicles or motor vehicle equipment primarily to purchasers that in good faith purchase the vehicles or equipment other than for resale.
(3) "defect" includes any defect in performance, construction, a component, or material of a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment.
(4) "distributor" means a person primarily selling and distributing motor vehicles or motor vehicle equipment for resale.
(5) "interstate commerce" means commerce between a place in a State and a place in another State or between places in the same State through another State.
(6) "manufacturer" means a person-
(A) manufacturing or assembling motor vehicles or motor vehicle equipment; or
(B) importing motor vehicles or motor vehicle equipment for resale.
(7) "motor vehicle" means a vehicle driven or drawn by mechanical power and manufactured primarily for use on public streets, roads, and highways, but does not include a vehicle operated only on a rail line.
(8) "motor vehicle equipment" means-
(A) any system, part, or component of a motor vehicle as originally manufactured;
(B) any similar part or component manufactured or sold for replacement or improvement of a system, part, or component, or as an accessory or addition to a motor vehicle; or
(C) any device or an article or apparel, including a motorcycle helmet and excluding medicine or eyeglasses prescribed by a licensed practitioner, that-
(i) is not a system, part, or component of a motor vehicle; and
(ii) is manufactured, sold, delivered, or offered to be sold for use on public streets, roads, and highways with the apparent purpose of safeguarding users of motor vehicles against risk of accident, injury, or death.
(9) "motor vehicle safety" means the performance of a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment in a way that protects the public against unreasonable risk of accidents occurring because of the design, construction, or performance of a motor vehicle, and against unreasonable risk of death or injury in an accident, and includes nonoperational safety of a motor vehicle.
(10) "motor vehicle safety standard" means a minimum standard for motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment performance.
(11) "rental company" means a person who-
(A) is engaged in the business of renting covered rental vehicles; and
(B) uses for rental purposes a motor vehicle fleet of 35 or more covered rental vehicles, on average, during the calendar year.
(12) "State" means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Virgin Islands.
(13) "United States district court" means a district court of the United States, a United States court for Guam, the Virgin Islands, and American Samoa, and the district court for the Northern Mariana Islands.
(b)
(A) "adequate repair" does not include repair resulting in substantially impaired operation of a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment;
(B) "first purchaser" means the first purchaser of a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment other than for resale;
(C) "original equipment" means motor vehicle equipment (including a tire) installed in or on a motor vehicle at the time of delivery to the first purchaser;
(D) "replacement equipment" means motor vehicle equipment (including a tire) that is not original equipment;
(E) a brand name owner of a tire marketed under a brand name not owned by the manufacturer of the tire is deemed to be the manufacturer of the tire;
(F) a defect in original equipment, or noncompliance of original equipment with a motor vehicle safety standard prescribed under this chapter, is deemed to be a defect or noncompliance of the motor vehicle in or on which the equipment was installed at the time of delivery to the first purchaser;
(G) a manufacturer of a motor vehicle in or on which original equipment was installed when delivered to the first purchaser is deemed to be the manufacturer of the equipment; and
(H) a retreader of a tire is deemed to be the manufacturer of the tire.
(2) The Secretary of Transportation may prescribe regulations changing paragraph (1)(C), (D), (F), or (G) of this subsection.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 30102(a)(1) | 15:1391(7). | Sept. 9, 1966,
|
| 15:1391(10). | Sept. 9, 1966,
|
|
| 49 App.:1655(a)(6)(A). | Oct. 15, 1966,
|
|
| 30102(a)(2) | 15:1391(11). | |
| 30102(a)(3) | 15:1391(6). | |
| 30102(a)(4) | 15:1391(9). | |
| 30102(a)(5) | 15:1391(5). | |
| 30102(a)(6) | 15:1391(3). | |
| 30102(a)(7) | 15:1391(4). | Sept. 9, 1966,
|
| 30102(a)(8) | 15:1391(1). | |
| 30102(a)(9) | 15:1391(2). | |
| 30102(a)(10) | 15:1391(8). | |
| 30102(a)(11) | 15:1391(12). | |
| 30102(b) | 15:1419. | Sept. 9, 1966,
|
In subsection (a), the definitions apply to the entire chapter because of references in 15:1421–1431 applying 15:1391–1420 to 15:1421–1431. Before clause (1), the words "As used" are omitted as surplus. In clause (1), the text of 15:1391(10) and 49 App.:1655(a)(6)(A) is omitted as surplus because the complete name of the Secretary of Transportation is used the first time the term appears in a section. The words "selling and distributing" are substituted for "who is engaged in the sale and distribution of" to eliminate unnecessary words. The word "purposes" is omitted as surplus. In clause (3), the words "selling and distributing" are substituted for "engaged in the sale and distribution of" to eliminate unnecessary words. In clause (5)(A), the words "manufacturing or assembling" are substituted for "engaged in the manufacturing or assembling of" to eliminate unnecessary words. In clause (7), the words "physician or other duly" and "drivers, passengers, and other" are omitted as surplus. In clause (8), the words "is also protected" and "to persons" are omitted as unnecessary. In clause (9), the words "which is practicable, which meets the need for motor vehicle safety and which provides objective criteria" are omitted as unnecessary because of 15:1392(a) which is restated in section 30111 of the revised title. In clauses (10) and (11), the words "the Northern Mariana Islands" are added because of section 502(a)(2) of the Covenant to Establish a Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands in Political Union with the United States of America, as enacted by the Act of March 24, 1976 (
In subsection (b)(1), before clause (A), the words "The term" and "the term" are omitted as surplus. In clause (B), the words "of a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment" are added for clarity. In clause (E), the words "to be" are added for consistency. The words "marketed under such brand name" are omitted as surplus. In clause (F), the words "a motor vehicle safety standard prescribed under this chapter" are added for clarity and consistency. The word "noncompliance" is substituted for "failure to comply" for consistency in the chapter. In clause (G), the words "(rather than the manufacturer of such equipment)" are omitted as surplus. The words "deemed to be" are substituted for "considered" for consistency. In clause (H), the words "which have been" are omitted as surplus.
Subsection (b)(2) is substituted for "Except as otherwise provided in regulations of the Secretary" for clarity and because of the restatement.
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2015-Subsec. (a)(1).
Subsec. (a)(2) to (10).
Subsec. (a)(11).
Subsec. (a)(12), (13).
2012-Subsec. (a)(7)(C).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2015 Amendment
Effective Date of 2012 Amendment
Amendment by
Rule of Construction
"(1) may be construed to create or increase any liability, including for loss of use, for a manufacturer as a result of having manufactured or imported a motor vehicle subject to a notification of defect or noncompliance under subsection (b) or (c) of section 30118 of title 49, United States Code; or
"(2) shall supersede or otherwise affect the contractual obligations, if any, between such a manufacturer and a rental company (as defined in section 30102(a) of title 49, United States Code)."
Rulemaking
Low-Speed Electric Bicycles